Peripheral Artery Disease

What is a PAD?

PAD is a condition that affects the body’s extremities—the arms and the legs. It is the result of a buildup of plaque in the arteries (atherosclerosis) that narrows or blocks the vessels, restricting the flow of blood. PAD normally occurs in the legs.
Illustration of an artery cross-section showing blood cells and plaque buildup
01

Common Symptoms

Pain
Cramping or discomfort in the legs
Loss of hair on the lower legs
Wounds or sores on the arms and legs that heal too slowly or not at all
Many people do not experience the symptoms of PAD until it’s too late, so it’s important to know your risk factors for this disease.

Some of these factors include:

Smoking: The most significant risk factor, as it damages blood vessels and accelerates atherosclerosis.

‍Diabetes: High blood sugar levels contribute to arterial damage.

‍High blood pressure: Increases stress on arterial walls, promoting plaque buildup.

‍High cholesterol: Excess cholesterol contributes to the formation of plaque.

‍Obesity: Excess weight strains the circulatory system and promotes other risk factors.

‍Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of exercise weakens the cardiovascular system.

‍Age: Risk increases after 50, especially with other contributing factors.

‍Family history: Genetics can play a role in predisposition to atherosclerosis and PAD.

Complications of PAD

It’s important to treat PAD as quickly as possible. If left untreated, PAD can lead to severe health issues such as:

Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI): A severe blockage in the arteries leading to chronic pain, sores, infections, and potentially limb amputation.
001
Stroke and heart attack: Due to reduced circulation and increased risk of clot formation.
002
Non-healing wounds: Poor blood flow can lead to ulcers and infections, which may become gangrenous.
003
Illustration of a foot and lower leg with the arteries glowing red

Treatment Options

At North Star Vascular & Interventional, our PAD experts can treat your condition with minimally invasive techniques such as atherectomy, angioplasty and stenting. These are all proven techniques our physicians have employed for hundreds of procedures.

Do I have PAD?

Answer a few quick questions to see if you may be a candidate for a minimally invasive PAD treatment.

Have you ever been diagnosed with Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?

Have you ever been diagnosed with high blood pressure, diabetes or an aortic aneurysm?

Do you have any of the following symptoms in your feet or lower legs?

Please check the box next to any symptoms you are experiencing:

Please answer the questions above to see your result.

You may be a good candidate for a minimally invasive PAD treatment.

Based on your response, you may be a good candidate for a minimally invasive treatment for PAD at North Star Vascular & Interventional. If you would like to be contacted by us, please fill out the form below.

Fill out the form

You do not have common symptoms of PAD.

Based on your response, you do not have common symptoms of PAD. We recommend talking with your PCP to find out more information, or if you would still like more information, please fill out the form below.

Contact our team

Let's find the right next step together.

Your answers don't point clearly one way or the other. The best way to know your options is a conversation with our team — please fill out the form on this page.

Contact our team
← Retake the quiz

International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS)

Answer each question about your urinary symptoms over the past month. Your total score is calculated instantly.

0 of 7 answered

1. Incomplete Emptying: How often have you had the sensation of not emptying your bladder?

…

2. Frequency: How often have you had to urinate less than every two hours?

…

3. Intermittency: How often have you found you stopped and started again several times when you urinated?

…

4. Urgency: How often have you found it difficult to postpone urination?

…

5. Weak Stream: How often have you had a weak urinary stream?

…

6. Straining: How often have you had to strain to start urination?

…

7. Nocturia: How many times did you typically get up at night to urinate?

…

Please answer all questions to see your score.

Your I-PSS score

—

—

This score is for informational purposes and is not a diagnosis. Share it with your provider to discuss what it means for you — or fill out the form on this page to talk with our team.

Talk to our team

WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index

Rate each activity by the degree of difficulty you have experienced in the last 48 hours due to your knee.

0 of 24 answered

Pain

1. Walking

…

2. Stair climbing

…

3. Nocturnal

…

4. Rest

…

5. Weight bearing

…

Stiffness

1. Morning stiffness

…

2. Stiffness occurring later in the day

…

Physical Function

1. Descending stairs

…

2. Ascending stairs

…

3. Rise from sitting

…

4. Standing

…

5. Bending to floor

…

6. Walking on flat surface

…

7. Getting in/out of car

…

8. Going shopping

…

9. Putting on socks

…

10. Lying in bed

…

11. Taking off socks

…

12. Rising from bed

…

13. Getting in/out of bath

…

14. Sitting

…

15. Getting on/off toilet

…

16. Heavy domestic duties

…

17. Light domestic duties

…

Please answer all questions to see your score.

Your WOMAC score

—

—

—

—

—

This score is for informational purposes and is not a diagnosis. Share it with your provider to discuss what it means for you — or fill out the form on this page to talk with our team.

Talk to our team

Foot & Ankle Disability Index (FADI)

Rate each item by your current level of difficulty. Higher scores indicate better foot and ankle function.

0 of 26 answered

Activity

1. Standing

…

2. Walking on even ground

…

3. Walking on even ground without shoes

…

4. Walking up hills

…

5. Walking down hills

…

6. Going up stairs

…

7. Going down stairs

…

8. Walking on uneven ground

…

9. Stepping up and down curbs

…

10. Squatting

…

11. Sleeping

…

12. Coming up to your toes

…

13. Walking initially

…

14. Walking 5 minutes or less

…

15. Walking approximately 10 minutes

…

16. Walking 15 minutes or greater

…

17. Home responsibilities

…

18. Activities of daily living

…

19. Personal care

…

20. Light to moderate work (standing, walking)

…

21. Heavy work (push/pulling, climbing, carrying)

…

22. Recreational activities

…

Pain

23. General level of pain

…

24. Pain at rest

…

25. Pain during your normal activity

…

26. Pain first thing in the morning

…

Please answer all questions to see your score.

Your FADI score

—

—

This score is for informational purposes and is not a diagnosis. Share it with your provider to discuss what it means for you — or fill out the form on this page to talk with our team.

Talk to our team

Book a Consultation

Submit
Submit
Thank you! Your submission has been received!
Oops! Something went wrong while submitting the form.